I am ready for Thanksgiving Break

Typographic Rules and Terms

-- Parts of the grid: what are the following: margin, column, alley, module, gutter, folio.

Margain: Margain is the white space around the outside of the grid.

Column: vertical alignment of each column of the grid.

Alley: all of the spaces between the characters of text.

Module: The spaces between the paragraphs.

-- What are the advantages of a multiple column grid.? A multiple column grid accessible and comfortable for the viewer.

-- Why is there only one space after a period? You use to have to put 2 spaces after a period to separate the sentences because all letters were monospaced on the typewriter. Yet, now characters are proportional so i only takes up 1/5 of the letter m.

-- What is a character (in typography)? A sign, symbol, or mark that does include letterforms and numbers.

-- How many characters is optimal for a line length? words per line? 60

-- Why is the baseline grid used in design? Bottoms of the baseline are more appealing by designers.

-- What is a typographic river? A type river is when the spaces between the letters are noticeably lined up.

-- What does clothes lining or flow line or hang line mean? A division of the page by a horizontal line. This aligns for great placement of different visual elements.

-- How can you incorporate white space into your designs? Space is just as important as text. Adding color is always fun. You can divide text easily and color text for visual effects.

-- What is type color/texture mean? The weight of a character.

-- What is x-height, how does it affect type color? The x-height is the ascender of a letter height. Type color is affected by the thickness of the line and readability.

-- Define Tracking: letterspacing

-- Define Kerning. Why do characters need to be kerned? What are the most common characters that need to be kerned (kerning pairs)?

Kerning is the process of removing small units of space between letters in order to create visually consistent letter spacing. The larger the letters, the more critical it is to adjust their spacing.

Characters needed to be kerned because it makes the letters look so much better and not awkward. You want it to appear like there is the same amount of space between the letters. 

-- In justification or H&J terms what do the numbers: minimum, optimum, maximum mean? The amount of words on the line.

-- What is the optimum space between words? En space.

-- What are some ways to indicate a new paragraph? Are there any rules?An indent or space with no text.

-- What are the rules associated with hyphenation? Do NOT hyphenate a headline!!!!!!!!!!!!

-- What is a ligurature? Something connecting two letters.

-- What does CMYK and RGB mean? RGB (red blue green) cmyk (cyan magenta yellow and black.

-- What does hanging punctuation mean? A hanging punctuation is the way  some quotes and hyphens are programmed to align in a body of text.

 

-- What is a widow and an orphan?

 

When a paragraph ends and leaves fewer than seven characters on the last line. That is called a WIDOW.

 

When the last line of a paragraph is long and wont fit at the bottom of a column and must end itself at the top of the next column is an ORPHAN.